RAJA RAM MOHAN ROY - BRAHMA SAMAJ
Raja Ram Mohan Roy
is the foremost leader of Indian Renaissance. He was born in 1774
In an orthodox
Bengali Hindu family at a place called ’Radharpur’. His father was employed in the Kingdom of a
local Nawab this father’s name is “Ramakanth Rai” He was a precautious child he
had the knowledge of Sanskrit, Bengali, Hindu Persian, Arabic, English, French,
Greek and Pique.
He studied Sanskrit
literature, Hindu Philosophy and Arabic and Persian. He made a deep study of Hinduism, Jainism,
Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity.
He was employed in
the English East India Company. He was in pursuit of a comparative study of
different religions. He thus gave up his
job.
In 1817, Ram Mohan
Roy started the “Atmiya Sabah” in Calcutta were he preached against social
events like the caste system, sati, child marriage and untouchability. He attacked ideal worship and polytheism
Oxen when he was
15years old, he called for preaching Monotheism. His article, the gift to monotheism
In Persian became famous. He condemned priestly class and held them
responsible for sacrifices, rituals and ceremonies.
In 1829, Raja Ram Mohan
Roy
founded the Brahma SAMAJ in Calcutta.
The Brahma Samaj stood on the twin pillars of human reason, and Vedas
and Upanishads. He thus, wanted to
restore Hinduism to the position of ancient glory a society with no caste, no
ideas worship, no child marriage no untouchability no sati, no priestly class
and such other exile.
In the Brahma Samaj
R.R.M.R Adopted the best practices of all religious. He believed in the lofty
ideals of Christianity and Islam. He wrote a book called the precepts of Jesus.
He thus stood for a synthesis of the east and the west.
R.R.M.R was a champion of the cause of women. He
encouraged women’s education and even encouraged widow remarriage. He was in
favour of English education and western sciences. He opened the Anglo Hindu
College and Vedanta college were both Indian and western subjects were
thought.
He condemned the
British policy free trade, duties on Indian exports and Zamindari system of
land revenue collection. He even called for establishing or reforming the
English Judicial system. He kept themselves abreased with all development in
international field.
R.R.M.R thus had a
deep love for his country and his people. He was a champion of liberty. He was
the brightest star in the Indian sky in 19th century. He is rightly
called as the father of modern India. He died in 1833 at “Bristol” in England.
He published two journals-“the Sam band Koumudi” in Bengali and “the
Mirat-ull-akbar” in Persian.
THE BRAHMASAMAJ
AFTER R.R.M.R
Debendranath Tagore
and later Keshav Chandra Sen are the two important leaders of Brahma samaj
after R.R.M.R. The teaching of the Raja was continued. However there was a
split. Debendranath Tagore and his followers broke away and established the
“Aadi Brahma samaj”. There was another split when Anand Mohan Bose and his
followers formed the “Sadharana Brahma samaj”.
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